RT111 Cardiopulmonary Physiology

Credits 6Fall

Registration Requirement: Acceptance into the Respiratory Care program.

An introduction to normal cardiopulmonary structure and function. Fundamental concepts in physics and chemistry, cardiac electrophysiology, hemodynamics, circulatory regulation, ventilation, respiratory mechanics, gas exchange, acid-base regulation and control of breathing are presented along with cardiopulmonary testing concepts.

View Course Outcomes:

1. Acid Base BalanceA. Describe the chemistry of acids, bases, and buffersB. Explain the physiological significance of acids, bases, and buffersC. Recognize clinical normal and abnormal acid base status including respiratory or metabolic acidosis
2. respiratory or metabolic alkalosis
3. and mixed acidosis or alkalosisD. Describe the treatment of the above listed abnormalities
4. Cardiac Electrophysiology A. Describe the electrophysiology of the heartB. Describe the components and significance of the electrocardiogramC. Identify normal and abnormal electrocardiograms and describe the significance in terms of cardiac performance
5. Cardiac MechanicsA. Describe the cardiac cycle, the factors of cardiac output, and the measurement of cardiac outputB. Describe the hemodynamics of the heart and systemic circulationC. Explain how blood flow and pressure is regulated
6. Cardiovascular Anatomy and Blood A. Describe the function and be able to locate the structural components of the cardiovascular systemB. List the components of blood and describe the distribution of blood volumeC. Describe the structural anatomy of the heartD. Describe pulmonary, systemic, and coronary circulation
7. Fundamental Concepts A. Describe the measurement systems used in respiratory careB. Calculate changes in gas pressure and volume as with the gas lawsC. Define humidity, humidification and humidity deficit
8. Gas ExchangeA. Define ventilation/perfusion matching and mismatchingB. Describe the effect of ventilation/perfusion matching and mismatching on alveolar and blood gasesC. Define and describe the affects of hypoventilation, dead space ventilation, diffusion defects, shunts, and ventilation/perfusion mismatching on alveolar and blood gasesD. Calculate PA-aO2 and PaO2/FIO2 values
9. Pulmonary AnatomyA. Describe the major structures and contents of the thora,X and describe their functionsB. Describe the gas conduction system and respiratory zone of the lungC. Discuss the defense mechanisms of the respiratory system
10. Pulmonary CirculationA. Describe the hemodynamics of pulmonary circulationB. Discuss factors which affect pulmonary circulationC. Describe pathologies of pulmonary circulationD. Describe bronchial and lymphatic circulation
11. Pulmonary Mechanics A. Describe the physics of ventilationB. Describe the muscles of ventilationC. Describe the mechanics of ventilationD. Calculate respiratory system compliance, airway resistance and work
12. Respiratory Gas Transport (continued)C. Calculate blood oxygen content and oxygen deliveryD. Describe the uptake of carbon dioxide by the blood from tissue, the transport of carbon dioxide by blood, and the release of carbon dioxide from blood to the lungs
13. Respiratory Gas TransportA. Describe the uptake of oxygen by the blood in the lungs, oxyhemoglobin saturation, transport of oxygen in the blood, and the release of oxygen for use by tissueB. Describe those factors which influence the blood's ability to pick up, carry and release respiratory gases
14. VentilationA. Describe gas flow and diffusion in the lungsB. Define the ventilatory patternC. Define and describe the significance of lung volumes and capacitiesD. Define and calculate atmospheric, alveolar and blood oxygen content
15. Ventilatory ControlA. Describe the anatomy and physiology of conscious and unconscious neurologic control of breathingB. Describe the response to mechanical and chemical stimuli that affect the breathing patternC. Describe normal and abnormal breathing patterns

RT121 Respiratory Care Procedures

Credits 5Winter

Registration Requirement: RT111 with a grade of "C" or better. Concurrent enrollment in RT122 or instructor consent is required.

This course introduces the student to therapeutic modalities of respiratory care. Topics include oxygen therapy, gas storage and delivery systems, humidity and aerosol therapy, bronchial hygiene, artificial airways, cardiopulmonary resuscitation, infection control, medical ethics and charting.

Additional Course Fee: $25.00

View Course Outcomes:

1. Airway SuctioningA. List the indication for airway suctioningB. Describe the equipment needed for this therapyC. Describe potential hazards and complications of this therapy and ways to minimize such
2. Cardiopulmonary ResuscitationA. List the indications for C.P.R. B. Describe the conditions under which the indications may occur and how those conditions may be avoidedC. Describe the correct performance of C.P.R. D. Discuss potential hazards and complications of C.P.R. and how to avoid such
3. Chest PhysiotherapyA. List the definition, goals, indications, and contraindications for this therapyB. Describe the equipment and discuss the selection of equipmentC. List the hazards of this therapy
4. Ethics and ProfessionalismA. Discuss who is responsible for patient care and the clinical decision making processB. Describe the legal principles that a respiratory care practitioner must adhere toC. Describe patient rightsD. Demonstrate an understanding of HIPAA and patient confidentiality
5. Humidity and Aerosol TherapyA. List the definitions, goals, indications, and contraindications for these therapiesB. Describe the equipment and discuss the selection of equipmentC. List the hazards of these therapies
6. Hyperinflation TherapyA. List the definition, goals, indications, and contraindications for this therapyB. Describe the equipment and discuss the selection of equipmentC. List the hazards of this therapy
7. Infection ControlA. Discuss the potential for nosocomial infectionB. Describe ways to limit the spread of nosocomial infectionsC. Discuss Universal PrecautionsD. List and describe methods of disinfection and sterilization
8. Manual VentilatorsA. Discuss the indications and uses of this equipmentB. Describe the selection and operation of this equipmentC. Discuss complications and hazards of equipment use, and how to minimize such
9. Oxygen and Other Medical GasesA. Describe the production and storage of medical gasesB. Discuss safety issues, analysis, and control of medical gasesC. Discuss the indications for and hazards of oxygen therapyD. Discuss the selection of oxygen delivery devices and the hazards of such devices
10. Prosthetic AirwaysA. List the indications for prosthetic airwaysB. Discuss the functions of the different types of prosthetic airways and describe their selectionC. Describe the hazards and complications of this equipment and list ways to minimize such

RT122 Respiratory Care Procedures Lab

Credits 2Winter

Registration Requirement: RT111 with a grade of "C" or better; Concurrent enrollment in RT121; or instructor consent.

Laboratory demonstrations and activities designed to reinforce RT121 lecture.

Additional Course Fee: $25.00

View Course Outcomes:

1. Airway SuctioningA. Perform exercises that demonstrate appropriate uses and limitations of equipmentB. Demonstrate assembly and trouble shooting of equipmentC. Choose proper equipment and demonstrate application in clinical simulations
2. AirwaysA. Perform exercises that demonstrate appropriate uses and limitations of equipmentB. Demonstrate assembly and trouble shooting of equipmentC. Choose proper equipment and demonstrate application in clinical simulations
3. Cardiopulmonary ResuscitationA. Demonstrate assessment of needB. Demonstrate correct performanceC. Demonstrate assembly and trouble shooting of equipmentD. Choose proper equipment and demonstrate application in clinical simulations
4. Chest PhysiotherapyA. Demonstrate proper performance of therapyB. Demonstrate assembly and trouble shooting of equipmentC. Choose proper equipment and demonstrate application in clinical simulations
5. Humidity & Aerosol TherapyA. Perform exercises that demonstrate appropriate uses and limitations of equipmentB. Demonstrate assembly and trouble shooting of equipmentC. Choose proper equipment and demonstrate application in clinical simulations
6. Hyperinflation TherapyA. Perform exercises that demonstrate appropriate uses and limitations of equipmentB. Demonstrate assembly and trouble shooting of equipmentC. Choose proper equipment and demonstrate application in clinical simulations
7. Manual VentilatorsA. Perform exercises that demonstrate appropriate uses and limitations of equipmentB. Demonstrate assembly and trouble shooting of equipmentC. Choose proper equipment and demonstrate application in clinical simulations
8. Oxygen TherapyA. Demonstrate safety precautions while in the presence of oxygen equipmentB. Demonstrate the proper assembly and use of oxygen transport and control equipmentC. Perform analysis of oxygen enriched atmosphereD. Choose proper equipment and demonstrate application in clinical simulations

RT131 Respiratory Diseases and Pharmacology

Credits 6Winter

Registration Requirement: RT111 with a grade of "C" or better; or instructor consent.

This course includes a study of respiratory diseases and their treatment, including the pharmacology of respiratory care. Included diseases are chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases, infectious pulmonary diseases, neuromuscular diseases and lung cancer.

View Course Outcomes:

1. Aerosol Therapy A. Explain the physical properties of aerosolB. Describe the goals of aerosol therapyC. List the factors that effect aerosol depositionD. Describe the mechanisms and correct use of medication nebulizers
2. Antimicrobial AgentsA. Describe the modes of action of antimicrobial agentsB. Discuss the rationale for the selection of specific microbial agentsC. Describe the dose and use of aerosolized antimicrobial agents
3. Autonomic PharmacologyA. Describe and contrast the basic anatomy and physiology of the central and peripheral nervous systems B. Discuss the function of the autonomic branches of the nervous systemC. Describe the use of sympathomimetics, and parasympatholytic in the treatment of respiratory disease
4. Calculations used in PharmacologyA. Describe units in % and mg/mL and other metric systemsB. Calculate drug concentrations, amount of stock solution needed and doses when drug dilution occurs
5. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) and Asthma (continued)D.Describe the role of corticosteroids and cromolyn sodium in the treatment of COPD and asthmaE. Describe the role of respiratory care in the diagnosis and treatment of COPD and asthmaF. Describe the national guidelines for in-hospital asthma treatment
6. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) and AsthmaA. Define COPD and list the major diseases which are classified as COPD B. Discuss the etiology of COPD and asthmaC. Describe the pathophysiology, clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment of COPD and asthma
7. Cough and Cold MedicationsA. Describe the mode of action of decongestants, antihistamines, expectorants, and antitussive agentsB. Discuss the clinical application of cough and cold medications
8. Defense Mechanisms and DysfunctionsA. Describe gross body defensesB. Discuss immunity and immune system deficienciesC. Discuss Universal Precautions
9. General Pharmacology A. Discuss major legislation regarding the distribution and use of drugsB. Describe the sources of drug informationC. Explain the phases of drug actionD. Describe the specific receptor theory of drug actionE. Describe the general role of respiratory care pharmacology
10. Lung CancerA. Describe the etiology, pathogenesis, pathology, and pathophysiology of lung cancerB. Discuss the clinical features, diagnosis, and principles of treatment of lung cancer
11. Mucus Control and SurfaceA. Describe the physiology, Active Agents and function of mucus production and transportB. List and describe the mode of action of mucus control agentsC. Describe the role of surface tension in the lungD. Discuss the clinical use of exogenous surfactant
12. Neuromuscular DiseasesA. Describe the anatomy and physiology of respiratory controlB. Describe the etiology, pathogenesis, pathology, and pathophysiology of neuromuscular diseases affecting ventilatory controlC. Discuss the clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment of neuromuscular diseases affecting ventilatory controlD. Describe the support of patients suffering from neuromuscular diseases affecting ventilatory control
13. Paralytic, Analgesics, Sedatives, and DepressantsA. Describe the mode of action of these drugsB. List the indications for these drugsC. Describe the side affects and hazards of these drug
14. Pleural and Mediastinal DiseasesA. Discuss the anatomy and physiology of the pleura and mediastinumB. Describe the etiology, pathogenesis, pathology, and pathophysiology of pleural and mediastinal diseasesC. Discuss the clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment of pleural and mediastinal diseases
15. PneumoniaA. Describe the etiologies, populations at risk, and pathogenesisB. Discuss the pathophysiology, clinical features, diagnosis, and treatmentC. Discuss the role of respiratory care in the management of pneumonia
16. Pulmonary EdemaA. Describe the physiology of fluid movement in the pulmonary interstitiumB. Describe the etiology, pathogenesis, pathology, and pathophysiology of pulmonary edemaC. Differentiate between cardiogenic and non cardiogenic pulmonary edemaD. Discuss the clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment of pulmonary edemaE. Describe the international consensus definition of acute respiratory distress syndrome
17. Pulmonary Interstitial and Vascular DiseasesA. Describe the anatomy and physiology of the pulmonary interstitium and the pulmonary vascular systemB. Discuss the etiology, pathogenesis, pathology, and pathophysiology of pulmonary interstitial and vascular diseasesC. Discuss the diagnosis, clinical features, and treatment of pulmonary interstitial and vascular diseases
18. Sleep DisturbanceA. Discuss the etiology, pathogenesis, pathology, and pathophysiology of sleep disturbance caused by sleep apnea and restless leg syndrome B. Describe the clinical features, complications, and diagnostic approaches to sleep disturbance C. Discuss the therapeutic approaches to sleep disturbanceD. Describe the role of respiratory care in the diagnosis and treatment of sleep disturbance

RT132 Pulmonary Assessment

Credits 4Spring

Registration Requirement: RT131 and RT121, each with a grade of "C" or better.

Physical examination, clinical laboratory, pulmonary imaging, electrocardiographic, spirometric, sleep studies, hemodynamic monitoring, respiratory monitoring of the respiratory patient and physician case studies are presented in this lecture/demonstration course.

View Course Outcomes:

1. Blood Gas analysis (continued)E. Describe what pre-analytic, analytic and post-analytic analysis errors are and the steps needed to minimize themF. Describe what a blood analysis quality assurance program isG. Recognize normal and abnormal values of arterial, capillary and venous blood gas resultsH. Classify blood gas data according to standard practice and correct terminology
2. Blood Gas analysis A. Describe the data included in arterial blood gas resultsB. List the reasons for sampling arterial blood gasesC. List the common arteriotomy puncture sites and explain advantages and disadvantages of each siteD. Describe and demonstrate proper arterial blood sampling technique
3. Electrocardiography (continued)E. Calculate the rate of ventricle and atrial conduction from an EKGF. Describe the different types and possible causes of dysrhythmia
4. Electrocardiography A. List the indications for an EKG (ECG) recordingB. Discuss the electrophysiology of the heartC. Identify the proper placement of electrodes and standards of EKG recordingD. Identify the normal configuration of the EKG waves, segments, and intervals
5. and compare them with the physiologic activities of the heart
6. Gas exchange monitoring A. Describe the technique, indications and assessment of arterial and venous oximetryB. Describe the technique, indications and assessment of transcutaneous O2 and CO2 monitoringC. Describe the technique, indications and assessment of exhaled CO2 monitoring
7. General Laboratory A. Describe the clinical use of the complete blood count tests, and identify normal and abnormal resultsB. Discuss the clinical use of blood chemistry studies, and identify normal and abnormal resultsC. Explain importance of microbiology in the clinical setting the technique for collection
8. General Laboratory (continued)D. Discuss pleural fluid collection and how examination of pleural fluid may be helpful in diagnosisE. Describe the use of skin testing for diagnostic purposes
9. General Laboratory (continued)G. Identify the following rhythm disturbances: Sinus rhythms Junctional rhythms Heart block Bundle branch block Premature contractions Atrial dysrhrythms Ventricular dysrhythmias Life threatening rhythms
10. Hemodynamic Monitoring (continued)E. Describe the indications, cannula sites, possible complications, pressures, wave forms and physiologic significance of central venous pressure monitoringF. Describe the indications for, types of catheters used, normal position, normal pressures, wave form, and physiologic significance of pulmonary artery pressure monitoring
11. Hemodynamic Monitoring (continued)G. Define the characteristics of different shock states through the use of hemodynamic variables: hypovolemic, cardiogenic, septic and spinal
12. History and Physical Examination (continued)F. List, define and describe possible causes or diseases of common pulmonary symptomsG. List the blood borne pathogens and describe how clinicians can best protect themselves and patients against infectionH. Describe the steps to be taken if you are exposed to blood borne pathogens as a student or employeeI. Describe the concept of vital signs and clinical impression
13. History and Physical Examination (continued)J. Discuss the clinical significance of patient temperature, pulse, respiratory rate and blood pressureK. Describe how variations of vital signs can suggest cardiopulmonary diseaseL. Explain the four components of physical examinationM. Describe the classifications of thoracic configuration, topographic positions of the important chest and thoracic landmarks, and breathing patterns
14. History and Physical Examination (continued)N. Define and explain terminology associated with normal, abnormal and adventitious lung soundsO. Describe the location and significance of normal and abnormal heart soundsP. Discuss the significance of abnormalities of the extremities as they relate to perfusion and oxygenationQ. Recognize the general physical signs of pulmonary diseases
15. History and Physical Examination A. Describe and give examples of patient-clinician interactionB. Define the concept of patient territory and how to use territoriality to promote patient-clinician relationshipC. Discuss the techniques and importance of expressing genuine concernD. Describe effective patient interview techniquesE. List and explain the components of a comprehensive health history
16. Imaging of the Chest (continued)E. Recognize and explain abnormalities that may be found on a chest radiographI. Recognize incorrect placement of the following: endotracheal tube, central venous line, Swan-Ganz catheter and NG or feeding tubeJ. Describe the typical radiographic findings in the following conditions: atelectasis, hyperinflation, masses, infiltrates, pleural effusions, pneumothora,X pulmonary edema
17. Imaging of the Chest A. List the indications for chest x-ray examinationB. Describe and explain the use of standard and special views of chest radiographyC. Describe the placement of lines, tube, and other artifact commonly seen on the chest x-ray of the critically ill patientD. Recognize normal structures in the AP portable chest film
18. Mechanics monitoring A. Describe the technique, indications and assessment of pressure, flow and volume monitoringB. Describe the technique, indications and assessment of compliance and resistance measurementC. Describe the technique, indications and assessment of ventilator graphics
19. Physician interaction A. List the elements of effective physician interactionB. Effectively interact with a physician during the presentation of a case study of pulmonary disease
20. Pulmonary Diagnostic Tests (continued)D. Describe the role and responsibilities of the respiratory care practitioner during bronchoscopyE. Describe diagnostic procedures involving the pleura and pleural fluid
21. Pulmonary Diagnostic Tests A. Describe techniques of sputum collection and analysisB. Describe what Gram and Acid-Fast staining reveals in sputum analysisC. Describe what bronchoscopy is, when it is indicated, what the technique is and what complications may occur
22. Pulmonary function testing (continued)E. Explain the assessment of airflow: PEFR, FEV1, FEV1%, FEF25-75F. Describe what bronchial provocation and bronchodilator testing reveals when an asthmatic is tested with these techniquesG. Discuss the assessment of diffusing capacity
23. Pulmonary function testing (continued)H. Define predictive values and describe the factors that influence itI. Interpret the results of clinical spirometryJ. Classify patient data by using standard terminology
24. Pulmonary function testing A. Define and list the data included in pulmonary function testingB. Explain the purpose of and indication for pulmonary function testingC. Describe the ATS standards for Pulmonary Function testingD. Describe the assessment of lung volumes
25. Sleep Studies A. Define the normal stages of sleep and the consequences of sleep disturbanceB. Describe the indications for polysomnography and the variable measuredC. Describe the common sleep disturbances and how they illustrated in the polysomnogramD. Describe the types of treatment used to correct common sleep disturbances

RT141 Mechanical Ventilation

Credits 5Spring

Registration Requirement: RT111, RT121 and RT122, all courses with grades of "C" or better. Concurrent enrollment in RT142 is required.

This course introduces mechanical aids to ventilation as commonly employed in the clinical setting. Topics include physiological effects of mechanical ventilation, classification of modern ventilators and clinical applications.

Additional Course Fee: $200.00

View Course Outcomes:

1. Assessment of Ventilated Patient A. Discuss the assessment of mechanically ventilated patientsB. Describe and explain the monitoring devices used with mechanical ventilationC. Describe the measurement and calculation of respiratory mechanics during mechanical ventilation
2. Classification of Ventilators A. Describe given ventilators by classificationB. Define and discuss given classificationsC. Recommend ventilators for clinical situations by referring to ventilator by classification
3. Elevated Baseline Pressure Modes A. Define and describe the use of PEEP and CPAPB. Describe the physiologic response to elevated baseline pressuresC. Discuss the complications and hazards of elevated baseline pressures
4. Initiation of Mechanical Ventilation A. List and explain the indications for mechanical ventilationB. List and describe the steps of attaching a ventilator to a patient
5. Modes of Positive Pressure Ventilation A. List, define, and describe the modes that are used in clinical situationsB. Describe the indications and physiological effect of each modeC. Discuss potential hazards and complications of each mode
6. Physiologic Response to Positive Pressure VentilationA. Describe the pulmonary response to positive pressure ventilationB. Describe the cardiovascular response to positive pressure ventilationC. Describe other physiologic responses to positive pressure ventilationD. Discuss the hazards and complications of positive pressure ventilation and how to avoid them
7. Positive and Negative mechanical Pressure Mechanical VentilationA. Discuss the theories underlying positive and negative pressureB. Discuss the advantages, disadvantages, hazards, and complications of positive and negative pressure ventilation
8. Pressure and Volume VentilationA. Define, compare and contrast pressure ventilators and volume ventilatorsB. Classify commonly used pressure ventilators and volume ventilatorsC. Discuss specific uses of pressure ventilators and volume ventilatorsD. Describe the location and function of all controls on selected ventilators
9. Spontaneous Breathing A. Describe and discuss the anatomy and physiology of the airways and lungB. List and describe the function of the muscles of breathingC. Discuss the role of pressure gradients in breathingD. Explain the mechanics of breathing
10. Weaning from Mechanical Ventilation A. Describe the acceptable weaning status of a mechanically ventilated patientB. Describe weaning criteriaC. Discuss weaning techniques D. Describe signs of weaning failureE. Describe the method and issues of discontinuing life support

RT142 Mechanical Ventilation Lab

Credits 2Spring

Registration Requirement: RT111 and RT121, each with a grade of "C" or better. Concurrent enrollment in RT141 is required.

This laboratory course provides hands-on experience with selected ventilators and techniques discussed in RT141.

Additional Course Fee: $200.00

View Course Outcomes:

1. Mechanical Ventilation (continued)D. Assemble and apply continuous airway pressure and positive end expiratory devices using a test lung, or simulatorE. Measure compliance and resistanceF. Select and perform appropriate ventilatory weaning strategies
2. Mechanical Ventilation A. Prepare adult mechanical ventilators for use on a patientB. Initiate mechanical ventilation on an adult test lung or high-fidelity simulatorC. Monitor and modify adult mechanical ventilation parameters and modes as driven by changes or alterations in patient status

RT150 Clinical Clerkship

Credit 1Spring

Registration Requirement: RT121 with a grade of "C" or better. Concurrent enrollment in RT132 is required.

This course is an introduction to the hospital setting, patient assessment and respiratory care delivery.

Additional Course Fee: $100.00

View Course Outcomes:

1. Given clinical observation activities, supervised clinical practice, and course worksheets, the student will successfully complete written exercises pertaining to the following hospital areas, as available:1, Laboratories2. lntensive care units3. Chest x-ray4. Emergency room5. Medical library6. Medical records7. Patient charts8. Physician presentations9. Patient monitoring systems
2. Given clinical observation activities, supervised clinical practice, and course worksheets, the student will successfully complete written exercises pertaining to the following respiratory care modalities.1. Oxygen therapy2. Humidity therapy3. Hyperinflation therapy4. Airway care5. Medication aerosol therapy6. Mechanical ventilation

RT220 Neonatal/Pediatric Respiratory Care

Credits 4Fall

Registration Requirement: RT121, RT122, RT131, RT141 and RT142, each with a grade of "C" or better; or instructor consent.

This course provides discussion and laboratory activity addressing the cardiopulmonary physiologic changes and development from fetal life through adolescence. In addition, common respiratory and cardiac disorders of this population are presented and their assessment and treatment demonstrated.

Additional Course Fee: $25.00

View Course Outcomes:

1. Define and describe the basic stages of embryonic and fetal cardiopulmonary development
2. Define and describe the indications for and goals of invasive and non-invasive neonatal and pediatric mechanical ventilation
3. Define, describe and discuss significant neonatal and pediatric cardiopulmonary disorders and diseases
4. Demonstrate appropriate identification of normal, indwelling devices and medical interventions, and abnormal findings in the portable chest X-ray
5. Demonstrate appropriate interpretation of bedside monitoring: EKG, Respiration, BP, Temperature, Oxygen Saturation
6. Demonstrate appropriate physical assessment
7. Demonstrate appropriate sampling and interpretation of laboratory results
8. Demonstrate common age-appropriate respiratory care procedures for the neonatal and pediatric populations: Oxygen delivery devices, bronchial hygiene, and aerosolized medication delivery
9. Demonstrate delivery of surfactant therapy and supportive care to the premature neonate
10. Demonstrate initiation, maintenance, monitoring, and weaning of high-frequency neonatal and pediatric mechanical ventilation
11. Demonstrate initiation, maintenance, monitoring, and weaning of invasive neonatal and pediatric conventional mechanical ventilation
12. Demonstrate initiation, maintenance, monitoring, and weaning of non-invasive neonatal and pediatric mechanical ventilation
13. Demonstrate response to neonatal asphyxia according to current NRP/PALS guidelines: Assessment, Airway/Breathing, Circulation, Medications, Prevention
14. Describe the cardiovascular changes occurring in the neonate during the first few minutes of extrauterine life
15. Describe the changes in neonatal blood gases that occur over the first 24 hours after birth
16. Describe the equipment required for mechanical ventilation of the neonate and pediatric patient
17. Describe the respiratory pattern of the neonate during the first few minutes of extrauterine life
18. Describe the stages of labor and delivery
19. Describe the techniques and importance of fetal monitoring
20. Discuss the assessment of neonates
21. Discuss the conditions that place neonates at high risk during labor and delivery
22. Discuss the equipment required for, hazards of, and complications to the patient resulting from neonatal resuscitation
23. Discuss the methods and significance of neonatal cardiac and pulmonary monitoring
24. Discuss the parameters of, and identify requirements for adjustments to the parameters for neonatal and pediatric mechanical ventilations
25. Discuss the pathophysiology of newborn asphyxia
26. Discuss the patterns of development of the embryonic and fetal cardiovascular and respiratory systems
27. Discuss the theory underlying each procedure
28. Discuss the treatment of, complications of, and prognosis for significant neonatal and pediatric cardiopulmonary disorders and diseases
29. Explain the biochemical development of surfactant and its significance
30. Identify anatomic stages of embryonic and fetal cardiopulmonary development
31. Identify components of normal placental/cord anatomy
32. Identify fetal stage of development based on the simulated results of a biophysical profile
33. Identify normal pattern of fetal circulation through elements of imaging and illustrations
34. Identify the hazards and complications of neonatal and pediatric mechanical ventilation, and explain how to avoid them
35. Identify the indications for and goals of neonatal resuscitation
36. List and discuss the equipment needed for each procedure
37. List and explain the indications, goals, hazards, and complications of common respiratory care procedures for the neonatal and pediatric populations
38. List tocolytic drugs and their indications for use in labor and delivery
39. Perform APGAR scoring and appropriate response for anomalous scores
40. Perform assessment of neonates based upon scenarios
41. Recognize the importance of neonatal thermoregulation and describe its monitoring

RT231 Cardiopulmonary Critical Care I

Credits 3Winter

Registration Requirement: RT220 and RT251, each with a grade of "C" or better.

This is the first of a two-term sequence of courses that is designed to familiarize the student with topics and techniques encountered in the care of critically ill patients. Content includes discussion of data collection, assessment, pathophysiology and treatment of various life threatening cardiopulmonary conditions, ACLS theory, ventilatory support and other forms of life support. In addition and where appropriate, discussion of rehabilitation, health promotion, disease prevention and legal and ethical issues are presented.

Additional Course Fee: $200.00

View Course Outcomes:

1. Acute Myocardial Infarction and Heart FailureA. Define the contributing factors of, and the population at risk for, acute myocardial infarction and heart failureB. Describe the pathophysiologies of myocardial infarction and heart failureC. Describe the circulatory changes of heart failureD. Describe the clinical features of acute myocardial infarction and heart failure
2. Acute Stroke and Cerebral ResuscitationA. Define the contributing factors and the population at risk for acute strokeB. Describe the pathophysiology of acute strokeC. Identify the clinical features of acute strokeD. Describe the methods of cerebral resuscitation
3. Advanced Cardiac Life Support AlgorithmsA. Define the algorithmic approach to cardiac emergenciesB. Identify the indications for the various ACLS algorithmsC. Demonstrate the sequence of intervention as directed by specific algorithmsD. Define the limitations of the algorithmic approach to cardiac emergencies
4. Airway Emergencies and Airway Emergency ManagementA. Define the contributing factors to, and the population at risk for, airway emergenciesB. Describe the clinical features of various airway emergenciesC. Explain the preparation for, management of, and equipment required for emergent airway careD. Describe the rapid response techniques required to treat the difficult airwayE. Identify the proper personnel needed for escalating airway difficulty
5. Cardiac Arrhythmias A. Describe the contributing factors to, and the population at risk for, cardiac arrhythmiasB. Define the types of cardiac monitoring systemsC. Describe the method of identifying and interpreting cardiac arrhythmiasD. Identify common sinus, nodal, and ventricular arrhythmiasE. Describe the treatment specific to each arrhythmia
6. Cardiovascular Pharmacology A. Define the mechanism of action of commonly used cardiovascular agentsB. Describe the indications for commonly used cardiovascular agentsC. Describe the dosing of commonly used cardiovascular agentsD. Describe the precautions, interactions and hazards of commonly used cardiovascular agents
7. Defibrillation, Cardioversion and Pacing A. Define the population at risk for need of defibrillation, cardioversion, and cardiac pacingB. Describe the indications for defibrillation, cardioversion, and cardiac pacingC. Define the principle behind early defibrillationD. Describe the methods of defibrillation, cardioversion, and cardiac pacingE. Describe the hazards of defibrillation, cardioversion, and cardiac pacing
8. Drug and Anesthetic Overdose A. Describe the clinical features of drug and anesthetic overdoseB. Describe the pathophysiology of drug and anesthetic overdoseC. Describe treatment methods for drug and anesthetic overdose
9. Life-Threatening Asthma A. Define the contributing factors to, and the population at risk for, life-threatening asthmaB. Describe the clinical features of life-threatening asthmaC. Define the management of life-threatening asthmaD. Describe the significance of asthma education and supportive therapiesE. Describe significant agents of pharmacological care for asthma intervention
10. Shock and Circulatory Support A. Define the contributing factors to, and the population at risk for, hypovolemic and cardiogenic shockB. Describe the pathophysiology of hypovolemic and cardiogenic shockC. Describe the clinical features of hypovolemic and cardiogenic shockD. Describe the methods of circulatory support for cases of hypovolemic and cardiogenic shock

RT232 Cardiopulmonary Critical Care II

Credits 3Spring

Registration Requirement: RT231 and RT252, each with a grade of "C" or better.

This is the second of a two-term sequence of courses that is designed to familiarize the student with topics and techniques encountered in the care of critically ill patients. Content includes discussion of data collection, assessment, pathophysiology and treatment of various life threatening cardiopulmonary conditions, ACLS theory, ventilatory support and other forms of life support. In addition and where appropriate, discussion of rehabilitation, health promotion, disease prevention and legal and ethical issues are presented.

Additional Course Fee: $45.00

View Course Outcomes:

1. Burn and Smoke Inhalation Injury (con't)C. Describe the pathologic and pathophysiologic pulmonary and cardiovascular and metabolic rate changes that take place during different epochs following burn injury: 24 hours post-burn, 2 to 5 days post-burn and more than 5 days post-burnD. Describe the clinical and laboratory features of: upper airway injury, CO and CN poisoning, cutaneous thermal injury, respiratory distress and failure
2. Burn and Smoke Inhalation Injury (con't)E. Describe the desired outcomes of the respiratory care for the patient who has been injured by fire and smokeF. Describe the different treatment strategies for: airway obstruction, CO poisoning, hypoxia, ventilatory failure, ALI/ARDS, fluid balance and acid-base imbalance and hypermetabolismG. Describe the probable outcomes of burn victims
3. Burn and Smoke Inhalation Injury A. Describe the fire environment with respect to temperature changes and poisonous gas productionB. List the factors that influence the nature and severity of injury
4. Chest Trauma (con't)D. Describe the clinical and laboratory changes that occur with different forms of chest traumaE. Describe the treatment strategies for the following consequences of chest trauma: airway obstruction, hemopneumothora,X respiratory failure, pulmonary contusion, ALI/ARDS, reoccurring atelectasis and pneumoniaF. Describe the probable outcomes of chest trauma
5. Chest TraumaA. List the causes of blunt force and penetrating chest traumaB. List the types of anatomic injuries that occur following chest traumaC. Describe the pathophysiologic changes that occur following different types of chest trauma: chest wall, airway, lung, heart and great vessels and diaphragm
6. Ethical and Legal Issues in Respiratory CareA. List several examples of ethical dilemmas in the practice of respiratory careB. Define the following terms: autonomy, veracity, non-maleficence, beneficence, confidentiality, justice and role dutyC. Describe the major elements in the AARC statement of ethics and professional conductD. Define professional negligence, malpractice, scope or practice and licensure
7. Exacerbation of COPD A. Define chronic bronchitis, emphysema, and chronic and Pulmonary Rehabilitation obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)B. Describe the causes of exacerbations of COPDC. Describe the pathologic and pathophysiologic changes that take place with exacerbation of COPD
8. Exacerbation of COPD (con't)D. Describe the outcomes from the treatment of exacerbation of COPD and the use of advanced directivesE. Define the concept of pulmonary rehabilitation on the basis of position statements of the American College of Chest Physicians (ACCP), and the American Thoracic Society (ATS)F. Differentiate between the physical and psychosocial bases of pulmonary rehabilitation
9. Exacerbation of COPD (con't)G. Compare and contrast the potential benefits of pulmonary rehabilitation according to their current acceptability and probabilityH. Describe the process of pulmonary rehabilitation on the basis of format, content, and program implementation
10. Exacerbation of COPD (con't)I. Describe the importance of aerobic exercises and inspiratory muscle resistance training in the physical reconditioning processJ. Differentiate pulmonary and cardiac rehabilitation on the basis of focus, procedure, and outcomes
11. Extracorporeal Life Support (con't)D. Describe the goal(s), assessment and adjustment of extracorporeal life supportE. Describe the steps of removing extracorporeal life supportF. Describe the hazards of extracorporeal life support
12. Extracorporeal Life Support A. Describe the indications for extracorporeal life supportB. Describe the selection process for extracorporeal life supportC. Describe the initial settings of extracorporeal life support
13. Invasive and Noninvasive Ventilatory Support (con't)D. Describe the goal(s), assessment and adjustment of for invasive and non-invasive ventilatory supportE. Describe the steps of removing for invasive and non-invasive ventilatory supportF. Describe the hazards and outcomes of and for invasive and non-invasive ventilatory support
14. Invasive and Noninvasive Ventilatory Support A. Describe the indications for invasive and non-invasive ventilatory supportB. Describe the selection process of the right airway or mask for invasive and non-invasive ventilatory supportC. Describe the initial ventilator settings when starting for invasive and non-invasive ventilatory support
15. Near Drowning (con't)D. Describe the desired physiologic outcomes from the treatment of near drowningE. Describe the treatment strategies for near drowning and the probable outcomes
16. Near Drowning A. Define drowning and near drowningB. Describe the various pathologic and pathophysiologic changes that take place following immersion in and aspiration of water: neurologic changes, pulmonary changes, cardiovascular changes and fluid and electrolyte changesC. Describe the clinical and laboratory changes that occur following an immersion accident
17. Neuromuscular Diseases and Acute Respiratory Failure (con't)D. Describe the medical and surgical management of traumatic head injury: airway management, ICP & CPP monitoring, hyperventilation, diuretics, fluid restriction, steroids, barb coma, seizure control, and mass removal
18. Neuromuscular Diseases and Acute Respiratory Failure (con't)E. Briefly describe the etiology, pathology and pathophysiology of neurologic induced breathing disorders
19. drug overdose meningitis, Guillain-Barre syndrome, myasthenia gravis, muscular dystrophy, severe scoliosis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and post-polio syndrome
20. Neuromuscular Diseases and Acute Respiratory Failure (con't)F. Describe the clinical and laboratory changes that occur with neurologic induced respiratory failureG. Describe the desired outcomes from the treatment of neurologic induced respiratory failureH. Describe the natural history and probable outcomes of neurologic induced respiratory failure and the use of advanced directives
21. Neuromuscular Diseases and Acute Respiratory Failure A. Describe the normal neurologic control of breathingB. Describe the Glasgow Coma ScaleC. Define focal and diffuse injuries associated with traumatic head injury and stroke: concussion, contusion and hematoma, coma, abnormal posturing, tachypnea, ataxic breathing, increased ICP and low CPP, hypertension and hyperthermia
22. Perioperative Pulmonary Complications A. List the pulmonary complications that are associated with general anesthesia and surgeryB. Describe the etiology and pathophysiology of respiratory complications from perioperative complicationsC. Describe the treatment for and probable outcome of perioperative pulmonary complications
23. Pulmonary Embolism A. List the causes of and risk factors for pulmonary embolismB. Describe the pathophysiology of lung dysfunction following pulmonary embolismC. Describe the clinical and laboratory features of pulmonary embolismD. Describe the treatment, prevention strategies, and desired outcomes for pulmonary embolism
24. Respiratory Failure, Acute Lung Injury and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (con't)D. Describe the different treatment strategies that are used to correct respiratory failureE. Describe the different techniques for monitoring respiratory failureF. Describe acute lung injury (ALI), and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), with respect to
25. definition etiology, pathophysiology, pathology, clinical and laboratory manifestations, treatment and outcomes
26. Respiratory Failure, Acute Lung Injury and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome A. Define the types of respiratory failureB. Describe the clinical features, bedside monitoring data, and laboratory findings that reveal respiratory failureC. Describe the probable outcomes of the treatment of respiratory failure

RT251 Clinical Practice I

Credits 9Fall

Registration Requirement: RT121, RT122, RT131, RT132, RT141, RT142, RT150, BI234, and BI121 and BI122 or BI231, BI232 and BI233, all courses with grades of "C" or better.

This is the first of a sequence of hospital-based laboratory/clinical courses. It is designed to be an introduction to basic respiratory care skill with an orientation to adult critical care areas.

Additional Course Fee: $400.00

View Course Outcomes:

1. Clinical Practice of Respiratory Care (continued)A. Accurately describe, safely perform and effectively demonstrate: 8. Humidity and aerosol therapy 9. Aerosolized medication therapy 10. Hyperinflation therapy 11. Chest physiotherapy 12. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation 13. Artificial airways and airway care 14. Mechanical ventilation 15. Patient transport
2. Clinical Practice of Respiratory Care A. Accurately describe, safely perform and effectively demonstrate: 1. Aseptic and isolation technique 2. Equipment cleaning and assembly 3. Compressed gas safety and transport 4. Medical records and chart review 5. Patient assessment 6. Breathing exercises 7. Oxygen therapy
3. Seminar A. Accurately describe and apply credentialing exam contentB. Effectively present case studies and use appropriate evidence-based medicine C. Actively participate in discussions of selected clinical topics presented by physicians and subject matter expertsD. Accurately describe the appropriate ethical and intercultural practices for situations encountered in clinical practice

RT252 Clinical Practice II

Credits 9Winter

Registration Requirement: RT251 with a grade of "C" or better.

This hospital-based laboratory/clinical course is designed to familiarize the student with all areas of critical care. The student also is familiarized with special areas including pulmonary function lab, home care and rehabilitation. The student also gains skills in advanced assessment and clinical decision making.

Additional Course Fee: $400.00

View Course Outcomes:

1. Clinical Practice of Respiratory Care (continued)A. Accurately describe, safely perform and effectively demonstrate: 11. Blood gas laboratory analysis 12. Assessment of the pulmonary patient 13. Pulmonary function testing in the laboratory environment 14. Capnography
2. Clinical Practice of Respiratory Care (continued)A. Accurately describe, safely perform and effectively demonstrate: 6. Advanced assessment of adult, neonatal, and pediatric critical care patients 7. Advanced mechanical ventilation of the adult 8. Advanced airway placement, stabilization and maintenance in adult patients 9. Clinical decision making 10. Sub-acute (“Home”) respiratory care and pulmonary rehabilitation
3. Clinical Practice of Respiratory Care A. Accurately describe, safely perform and effectively demonstrate: 1. Neonatal/pediatric respiratory care 2. Neonatal/pediatric critical care 3. Respiratory care of the burn victim 4. Trauma intensive care/respiratory care 5. Cardiac intensive care/respiratory care
4. Seminar A. Accurately describe and apply credentialing exam contentB. Effectively present case studies and use appropriate evidence-based medicine C. Actively participate in discussions of selected clinical topics presented by physicians and subject matter expertsD. Accurately describe the appropriate ethical and intercultural practices for situations encountered in clinical practice

RT253 Clinical Practice III

Credits 9Spring

Registration Requirement: RT252 with a grade of "C" or better.

This course is a continuation of RT252 and will continue the hospital-based laboratory/clinical course to familiarize the student with all areas of critical care. The student also is familiarized with special areas including pulmonary function lab, home care and rehabilitation. The student gains skills in advanced assessment and clinical decision making.

Additional Course Fee: $400.00

View Course Outcomes:

1. Clinical Practice of Respiratory Care A. Accurately describe, safely perform and effectively demonstrate: 1. Neonatal/pediatric respiratory care 2. Neonatal/pediatric critical care 3. Respiratory care of the burn victim 4. Trauma intensive care/respiratory care
2. Clinical Practice of Respiratory Care (continued)A. Accurately describe, safely perform and effectively demonstrate: 10. Sub-acute (“Home”) respiratory care and pulmonary rehabilitation 11. Blood gas laboratory analysis 12. Assessment of the pulmonary patient 13. Pulmonary function testing in the laboratory environment 14. Capnography
3. Clinical Practice of Respiratory Care (continued)A. Accurately describe, safely perform and effectively demonstrate: 5. Cardiac intensive care/respiratory care 6. Advanced assessment of adult, neonatal, and pediatric critical care patients 7. Advanced mechanical ventilation of the adult 8. Advanced airway placement, stabilization and maintenance in adult patients 9. Clinical decision making
4. Seminar A. Accurately describe and apply credentialing exam contentB. Effectively present case studies and use appropriate evidence-based medicine C. Actively participate in discussions of selected clinical topics presented by physicians and subject matter expertsD. Accurately describe the appropriate ethical and intercultural practices for situations encountered in clinical practice